Environmental Protection Agency
The following articles and case studies have been cleared by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and are currently on the EPA’s Water Finance Clearing House webpage.
Case Studies
Baltimore City is nearly 300 years old and encompasses 92 square miles, more than 620,000 residents, and countless icons – the Inner Harbor, Mount Vernon, Fort McHenry, the home of the Preakness Stakes, Camden Yards, and Johns Hopkins University – but with its wealth of history comes an aging water and sewer infrastructure.
Portions of the water infrastructure date back to the Baltimore Water Company, the first water company established in the country. Major expansions and improvements to the system were made until the 1960s, but many water lines are decades old. Miles of downtown sewers were built 100 years ago, after 70 city blocks were flattened by the fire of 1904.

Blog Posts
Water Resiliency: Is It ‘Tomorrow’s Crisis’?
Water utilities, harried by aging infrastructure and a historic lack of federal infrastructure investment, may see climate change – and the needed infrastructure hardening for water resiliency – as “tomorrow’s crisis,” or something that can be addressed once what to...
Lead Water Service Line Replacement Poses Problem for Utilities
You turn on the tap and water comes out. It seems simple, but it isn’t for millions of homes across the country that have lead water service lines and lead plumbing. Lead is a neurotoxin that is especially dangerous to babies and small children, and children in...
Congress Eyes Lead Service Line Replacement, Water Infrastructure
As a bipartisan infrastructure bill comes closer to realization, many municipal leaders may wonder what provisions related to water infrastructure and lead service line replacement means for their communities. The Senate passed the $1.2 trillion Infrastructure...